Incisional Hernia Why Does It Occur After Surgery and How Is It Treated?
What is an incisional hernia? Why does it occur at the surgical scar site? Your guide to understanding its causes, treatment, and prevention.
In this article
Incisional hernia and previous surgery have a direct relationship. Every abdominal surgical incision naturally creates a weak point in the wall, and if this incision doesn't heal completely or faces early pressure, it may later develop into an incisional hernia. It is one of the most preventable hernia types, since many of its causes are known and can be reduced.
Why Does an Incisional Hernia Occur?
Incomplete Wound Healing
If the wall layers don't heal sufficiently after surgery, the area remains weaker than its surroundings and prone to herniation.
Early Pressure on the Wound
Early strain like lifting weights or constipation after surgery stresses the healing line before it consolidates.
Post-Surgical Infection
Infection slows healing and weakens the quality of formed tissue, leaving the wall more fragile at the incision site.
Patient Factors
Obesity, smoking, diabetes, and steroids all slow healing and raise the risk of incisional hernia development.
When Does an Incisional Hernia Appear?
Incisional hernia may appear at any time after surgery, from a few weeks to years later. Early appearance is usually linked to poor healing or infection, while delayed hernia relates to accumulated wall pressure. The main sign is a bulge or protrusion at or near the previous scar, especially when standing or exerting effort.
After any abdominal surgery: avoid heavy lifting during recovery, treat constipation early, and follow the doctor's instructions precisely. If any bulge appears at the wound site, consult your doctor without delay.
How Is an Incisional Hernia Treated?
Surgical treatment is the definitive option. It aims to return tissue to its place and strengthen the wall at the old incision site, with surgical mesh typically used to reinforce the repair and prevent recurrence. It may be performed open or laparoscopically depending on the case. A large neglected incisional hernia may need more complex surgery, so early assessment is always better.
"Incisional hernia always reminds me that surgery doesn't end in the operating room. Following recovery instructions, avoiding early strain, and managing risk factors are an essential part of any abdominal surgery's success."
Dr. Mohamed EsmatFrequently Asked Questions
Does every abdominal surgery cause an incisional hernia?
No, most patients don't develop an incisional hernia. But the risk exists and rises with factors like obesity, smoking, and infection.
Is an incisional hernia treated the same as a regular hernia?
The general principle is similar but incisional hernia is usually more complex due to scarring and adhesions. Surgical planning needs more precise assessment.
Had Abdominal Surgery and Noticing a Bulge at the Wound Site?
Book an assessment with Dr. Mohamed Esmat for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan.
Dr. Mohamed Esmat
Consultant hernia and abdominal wall surgeon, PhD in General Surgery and founder of Hernia Core — the first Arab clinics dedicated to hernia surgery. 15+ years of experience and over 5,000 successful cases.
This article is for general medical awareness only and does not replace a consultation with a specialist. To assess your case, please book with Dr. Mohamed Esmat. Last reviewed: July 21, 2026.
